Abstracts of Main Articles

LESSONS OF GREAT VICTORY

Author

Yakutin Yu.V., ScD (Economics), Professor, Meritorious Scientist of the RF, academic advisor to Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta Publishing House

Abstract

In expressing his own extensive opinions on these lessons and their currency, the author also presents the next book, three-volume edition at that, published by Media Holding Ekonomicheskaya Gazeta PH, on military history problems: «Great Patriotic: Geopolitics, Economy and Spirituality Issues. Towards 70th Anniversary of Victory» (Moscow, 2015). The point is of a collection of scientific and op-ed materials covering, from modern standpoint and in a new light to a certain extent, geopolitical, economic and moral and spiritual factors of victorious outcome of the Soviet Union’s war against fascist Germany. These materials are arranged into three volumes: (1) «From background and history of Nazi invasion of the USSR: geopolitical perspective; (2) On characteristics of economic victory over fascist Germany; and (3) Moral and spiritual factors of victory». The three-decker supplement includes the latest (third since 2003) reprint of the postwar (1947) monograph by N.A.Voznesensky, unfortunately forgotten for decades, «USSR defence economy during the Patriotic war» provided with comments on it and its latest reissues by EG PH».
Delving into a series of controversial issues on the history of the Great Patriotic war as the basic content of the Second World War, the collection authors (famous Russian social scientists and political writers, representatives of engineering sciences as well as prominent public administrators) argue against the attempts of today`s foreign and local falsifiers of the history - «post-cold (information- psychological) war» mongers – to call into question the greatest feat of the soviet people ridding the globe of the deadliest – fascist – threat for many decades.

Key words

great patriotic war, great victory, second world war, victory economics, relocation (evacuation, transfer) of USSR economic potential to its eastern areas, unity of battle line and home front, moral and spiritual factors of victory, N.A.Voznesensky.

 

USSR AND THE WEST ON THE EVE OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR: AUTHENTIC HISTORY AND PRESENT-DAY ANTI-RUSSIAN «HISTORICAL POLICY»

Author

Lyubinin A.B., ScD (Economics), Professor

Abstract

The author presses for recognizing Russia’s history as an intrinsically continuous process involving, as an integral part, civilizational stand-off with the West. It is precisely from this compelling methodological stand that the paper reviews the main subject, stated in the heading, and extensively argues against the respective falsifications, analyzes radical transformation of the national economy structure in the 1930s securing the USSR victory in the Great Patriotic War, and giving a rather important lesson poorly learned though by the present-day macro level administrators.

Key words

civilizational stand-off of Russia and the West, First World War, peace under Treaty of Versailles, Great Patriotic War, Second World War, industrialization in the 1930s, Great Britain, the USA, Poland, Baltic states, Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, Stalin, N.A.Voznesensky, mobilization model.

 

DYNAMICS OF GENERAL PROPORTIONS AND VARIABLES OF SOVIET ECONOMY DURING WAR YEARS: REALIZATION OF PLANNING-MOBILIZATION ECONOMY MANAGEMENT POTENTIAL

Author

Ivanov E.A., PhD (Economics), leading researcher with IE RAS. In 1978–1991, deputy head of  General Department of National Economic Planning of State Planning Committee of the USSR

Abstract

The paper reviews the dynamics of key macroeconomic indices, measures of MIC branches development and of industrial branches of the USSR national economy in 1941–1945, and points out that the respective impressive changes resulted from drafting and implementation of centralized national economic plans. A specific subject of the paper is an unprecedented, in terms of scale and speed, relocation of the country’s productive forces to eastern regions examined through the prism of a unique managerial role of the State Planning Committee of the USSR and personally N.A.Voznesensky, first deputy of the head of soviet government, who not only supervised the relevant State Planning Committee activities but actually directed them closely.

Key words

Great Patriotic War, defence economy, key indices of USSR economicdevelopment in 1941 – 1945, State Planning Committee of the USSR, mobilization national economic plan for the 3rd quarter of 1941, military-economic plan for the 4th quarter of 1941 and for 1942, relocation (evacuation, transfer) of industrial enterprises to the East, Evacuation Council under CPC of the USSR, N.A.Voznesensky, N.M.Shvernik, A.N.Kosygin.

 

FINANCIAL SECTOR IN 2014: CONCERNING SOME EVENTS AND DYNAMICS’ RESULTS

Author

Yershov M.V., ScD (Economics), chief director on financial studies with the Institute of Energy and Finance, Professor of Financial University under RF government; Tanasova A.S., Ph.D. (Economics), Tatuzov V.Yu. Ph.D. (Economics) and Lupandina O.A. – personnel of the above Institute

Abstract

In assuming that the results of the national financial sector evolution in 2014 can only rather conditionally be divided into negative and positive, the authors express hope that the falling oil prices and apparent miscalculations of Bank of Russia will at last force Russian authorities to replace the current economic model with an alternative one suggested by numerous experts, including the authors (see for example: Yershov M. On securing currency stability and on new financial mechanisms under sanctions. Rossiisky Ekonomichesky Zhurnal. 2014, No. 5). The point is of a model of intensive use of fiscal and monetary facilities with a view to redirecting resources to the «points of effective prevention of recession» in real sectors of economy.

Key words

financial sector, monetary policy, banking sector, western sanctions against Russia, key interest rate of Bank of Russia, government and ministry of finance of Russia, recession.

 

DEVELOPMENT OF «GREEN AGRO-ECONOMICS» IN RUSSIA – LONG-TERM RESPONSE TO SANCTIONS AND STRATEGIC LINE OF NATIONAL AGRO-INDUSTRY MODERNIZATION

Author

Porfiriev B.N., corresponding member of RAS, deputy director of Institute of National Economic Forecasting, RAS

Abstract

The article evaluates prospects of a variety of specific agricultural sectors in implementing import substitution policy in agricultural products industry deemed to be the current Russia’s response to sectoral sanctions of the West. It is argued that in a wider context (beyond the scope of import substitution policy) it is green agro-economics development strategy that may serve as a long-standing response to sanctions requiring advanced and sustainable development of agro-industry. The main effects of its development (apart from reasonable import substitution and higher competitiveness of domestic farm products) come to higher productivity and acceleration of production growth rates, lower resource intensity and ecological costs, as well as pressure on human health and environment, integrated use of resources and alleviation of agricultural waste problem.

Key words

AIC, import substitution, green agro-economics, productivity and resource intensity of farm products, innovative agricultural technologies, sustainable development of agro-industry, GMO, agricultural waste.

 

PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN MOSCOW MEGALOPOLIS: PROBLEMS AND APPROACHES TO SOLUTION

Author

Kuznetsova K.V., senior lecturer at Microeconomic Analysis Chair of Theoretical Economics Department, NRU HsE; Dukova V.V., student of Economics Department of NRU HSE

Abstract

The authors of the article (its first part was published in Rossiisky Ekonomichesky Zhurnal No. 6 for 2014) believe that optimization and arrangement of effective public transit operation in the capital at present and in the future require: (a) adequate identification of the relevant services market specifics; (b) accounting for and harmonization of interests of all participants; (c) making municipal transport comfortable and attractive for the public. Identification of the key problems of Moscow’s transit system and suggested approaches to their solution rests on an analysis of the combination of issues, with a special focus on the role of the state as a market regulator.

Key words

public (passenger) transport in Moscow, passenger traffic metropolitan market, interests of passengers and transport operators, tariff regulation, demand for passenger traffic, Moscow City Transport Agency.